Piezoelectricity is the ability of certain materials to generate an electric charge in response to mechanical stress. This phenomenon occurs in materials that lack a center of symmetry in their crystal structure, causing charge displacement when subjected to pressure, vibration, or bending. Piezoelectric materials are widely used in sensors, actuators, medical devices, and energy harvesting systems, where mechanical energy is converted into electrical signals or vice versa. Common examples include quartz, certain ceramics, and engineered polymer composites. In the past, polymers such as Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) and Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) have been widely used in tissue engineering, implantable sensors, and energy harvesting devices due to their biocompatibility and piezoelectric properties. This research focuses on the fabrication of porous electrospun nanocomposite scaffolds using Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) through electrospinning. Electrospinning is a widely used method for creating a nanofibrous ECM using an electric field to initiate jet formation, which elongates and solidifies the polymer solution. The core aim of this study is to electrospin beadless PDMS/ PMMA nanofibers exhibiting piezoelectric properties. PMMA is a piezoelectric, biocompatible, soft, and flexible polymer, but on its own, it struggles to form high-quality nanofibers, often resulting in bead formation and weak mechanical properties. To enhance nanofiber formation and structural integrity, PDMS is incorporated as a ductile support polymer, ensuring improved mechanical strength while retaining flexibility, biocompatibility, and enhanced piezoelectric properties.

 The study also investigated the molecular interactions between PDMS and PMMA through molecular dynamics (MD). By analyzing the structural characteristics, the study aims to bridge the gap between wet-lab synthesis and computational modeling through all-atom MD simulations. The simulated MD trajectories are analyzed to evaluate the stability between the two polymers in terms of their RMSD, center of mass distance, hydrogen bonds, and interaction energies within the adsorbable distance of 5Å. These findings also provide crucial insights into the characteristics of nanofibers with optimal PDMS/ PMMA concentrations for implementing a piezoelectric acoustic wave biosensor. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of nanofibers in terms of the fiber diameter, porosity, fiber orientation and conductivity are undertaken through morphological characterization using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), impedance measurement using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and topographical characterization using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). As a proof of concept, the piezoelectric response of the synthesized PDMS/ PMMA nanofibers is tested by applying mechanical stress and measuring electrical signals. It is proposed that the synthesized PDMS/ PMMA scaffolds may have a potential to be used in piezoelectric acoustic wave biosensors and as nanogenerators for energy harvesting.